The earthworm is hermaphroditic, it has both male and female reproductive organs. Place the letter in the figure below that matches the name of the structure. Sexual selection and parthenogenesis 71 one of the factor s that could in. Penis contains tissue that fills with blood during sexual arousal, making the penis erect or hard. The earthworm has a very welldeveloped nervous system that consist of a simple brain and nerve cord. Earthworms are hermaphrodites but they cannot fertilize their own eggs because of their relative position of male and female genital aperture and. Earthworms therefore, need to be in damp or moist soil. Excretory and reproductive system neet notes edurev. The gizzard further grinds the food and soil due to the action of the contraction of its well developed circular muscles into a fine state so that the enzymes of stomach, intestine and intestinal caeca can act upon it. The nephridia is distinguished into three types namely, pharyngeal, integumentary and the septal nephridia. Semen is a mixture of sperm and fluid from the male reproductive organs.
The clitellar region contains mucous cells, albumin cells and cocoon secreting cells. For diffusion to occur, the earthworms skin must be kept moist. Digestive system of earthworm definition, examples, diagrams. Notes on reproductive system of earthworm grade 11 biology. Body wall of earthworm consists of the cuticle, epidermis, muscular layer and the parietal peritoneum. Structural organisation in animals anatomy of earthworm male reproductive system duration. Reproductive system objective type questions pdf download. Reproductive system of earthworm earthworms have a cylindrical shaped, reddishbrown segmented body which is divided into small segments. Compare the reproductive system of the earthworm with that of ascaris. Systems and organs of an earthworm flashcards quizlet. They are typically 7 to 8 inches but have been known to grow up to over a foot. Let us remove the gut and associated blood vessels to see what lies underneath we shall remove the metanephridia. Reproduction, reproductive system although earthworms are monecious, they undergo crossfertilization during copulation. They are protandrous and crossfertilization and external.
Reproduction of earthworms universidad complutense. To help students search for a topic easily, all the channel videos have been archived chapter wise on the study notes. If all goes well, the eggs of both of the mates become fertilized. During copulation sperm cells are released from the seminal vesicles and stored in the seminal receptacles of the opposite earthworm. Earthworms leave the burrow only during the rainy season when their burrows are flooded with water.
There are a pair of metanephridia in each segment though only those in segments, 14 and 15 are shown these are the earthworm equivalent of kidneys and have an excretory and osmoregulatory function. Alimentary canal alimentary canal is long and straight,extending from mouth to anus. Abstract although there is no substitute for dissection of specimens during the process of identifying earthworms, it is possible in some cases to do so based on external characteristics. Pdf earthworms are generally crossfertilization hermaphrodites, but up to. Jun 15, 2016 digestive system of earthworm consists of alimentary canal and glands along with physiology of digestion.
The human reproductive system this scanning electron microscope image enlarges human sperm cells on a human egg cell thousands of times. The life expectancy of an earthworm is unknown but if its in good care, then the earthworm can live up to five years or more. Methods of reproduction vary among the different species that make up the polychaete class, but most take place in water. In this article on earthworm digestive system we will understand the earthworm digestive system in order. Digestive system of the earthworm consists of alimentary canal mouth, buccal cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, gizzard, stomach, intestine and anus and digestive glands pharyngeal gland, gastric epithelium, intestinal epithelium and intestinal caecae.
The stages of development is a egg, then a hatchingbaby, then a fully grown adult. A male reproductive organs they consist of following parts. An adult earthworm develops a beltshaped glandular swelling, called the clitellum, which covers several segments toward the front part of the animal. These sexual organs are often located in the segments nine to. Clitellum is secreted by specialized gland cells present in clitellar region. Aug 03, 2018 earthworms are hermaphrodite but show cross fertilization.
At these points the attachment between the worms is an intimate one, assisted by the secretion of the glands associated with the diverticula of the setal pores found in. During reproduction, two worms come together in opposite directions with their clitellums in contact with segments 911 of their mating partner. So let me take the pleasure of sharing my knowledge with you. Jul 22, 2014 structural organisation in animals anatomy of earthworm male reproductive system duration. Most polychaetes reproduce sexually, however some reproduce asexually as well. About the common earthworm common earthworms are invertebrates they do not have a backbone. You will read in this chapter that after one sperm cell enters an egg cell, other sperm cells cannot. Female reproductive system of earthworm consists of following parts. Body fluid and mucous is released to keep its skin moist. In the case of earthworm, sexual reproduction takes place. Download objective type questions of reproductive system pdf visit our pdf store.
Excretory and reproductive system for neet this is your one stop solution. This document is highly rated by neet students and has been viewed 516 times. Reproductive organs of the earthworm are protected behind the clitellum which is toward the anterior end of the earthworm. Seventeen native species and introduced species from europe occur in the eastern united states, l. Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass through the earthworms skin by diffusion. Earthworm reproductive system earthworms are hermaphroditic, but cannot simply impregnate itself. Excretory and reproductive system search giving you solved answers for the same. Some are seperate sexes male or female while others are hermaphroditic, which means that they have both male and female reproductive systems. Some species of earthworm can even use the prehensile prostomium to grab and drag items such as grasses and leaves into their burrow. Notes on reproductive system of earthworm grade 11.
Reproductive system of earthworm earthworms are hermaphrodites but they cannot fertilize their own eggs because of their relative position of male and female genital aperture and they are protrandous i. Reproductive system of earthworm male and female reproductive. Although not all earthworms use this reproductive strategy, the bestknown species, lumbricus terrestris, is a crossfertilization hermaphrodite and this strategy seems to be the most widespread in the earthworm. Earthworm reproductive system earthworms are hermaphrodites, i. Jan 20, 2016 reproductive system of earthworm earthworms are hermaphrodites but they cannot fertilize their own eggs because of their relative position of male and female genital aperture and they are protrandous i. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The male reproductive organs consist of testes, testis sacs, seminal vesicles, vasa deferentia, prostate glands and accessory glands. This means that each earthworm has a complete set of male and female reproductive organs. This is a side lateral view of the earthworm with the first part of the digestive system drawn in. Clitellum is the most important feature of reproduction in earthworm. Reproductive system of earthworm microbiology notes. This is part of the reproductive system and produces egg. The typically number of offsprings of an earthworm is 99 hatchings. Mucous cells secrete mucous that forms the outer case of the cocoon.
Earthworms are hermaphrodites, meaning, they consist of both the male and female sex organs. The male reproductive system the male reproductive organs are the penis, the testicles, the epididymis, the vas deferens and the prostate gland. An excellent description of the earthworm reproductive system can be found in. An excellent description of the earthworm reproductive system can be found in general zoology volumes and monographs such as jamieson 2006, so it will be. Earthworm, any one of more than 1,800 species of terrestrial worms of the class oligochaeta phylum annelidain particular, members of the genus lumbricus. Earthworms are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive organs. Reproduction and development the earthworm resource. A pair of small whitish compact and lobulated or digitate process which lies in the segment and attached to 12 septa. Earthworm biology the science of the natural decomposers.
The immature ova lies in proximal part and mature ova lies in distal. Pdf earthworms are generally crossfertilization hermaphrodites, but up to 40% of the species can be parthenogenetic. Like all organisms, earthworms need to reproduce to continue their species. Earthworms are simultaneous hermaphrodites, meaning worms have both male and female reproductive organs. They lie in the burrows during the day and come out at night for food. During sexual intercourse among earthworms, both sets of sex organs are used by both worms. The clitellum secretes a ring of slime to aid and protect the exchange of sperm. Understanding the reproductive system of earthworms youtube. Learn reproductive system and earthworms with free interactive flashcards.
Excretory and reproductive system neet notes edurev is made by best teachers of neet. Earthworms are hermaphrodites meaning they have both male and female sex organs. Dorsal side is characterized by a dark line of blood vessels and ventral side is characterized by the genital openings. Firstly, after reaching the food in fine state into the stomach. In this figure, you will identify parts of the circulatory system. When two earthworms are ready to mate they adopt a headtotail position, cover themselves in a layer of mucus, and exchange sperm. One of the most interesting aspects of earthworms is their sexuality. After gathering enough knowledge about earthworm reproduction, i think twice before killing these amazing creatures.